If you listen to them, both the Russian and the Ukrainian languages sound similar. However, they have several differences. Ukrainian and Russian belong to the same group of East Slavic languages; they share a common alphabet, similar grammar, and significant lexical uniformity.
Their differences stem from the way their cultures developed. In the Ukrainian alphabet, which took shape at the end of the 19th century, unlike the Russian one, the letters Ёё, Ъъ, Ыы, Ээ are not used, but there are Ґґ, Єє, Іі, Її, which are not in Russian. Also, some pronunciations are different.
The differences between the Russian and Ukrainian languages are largely due to the peculiarities of the formation of the two nations. On the one hand, Russia was formed centrally around Moscow, which led to the dilution of its vocabulary with Finno-Ugric and Turkish words. While Ukraine was formed by uniting southern Russian ethnic groups, and thus the Ukrainian language largely retained the Old Russian base.
In the middle of the 16th century, the Ukrainian and Russian languages had significant differences. If the texts of that time in the ancient Ukrainian language are generally understandable to a modern Ukrainian, the documents of that time are difficult to “translate” by a resident of present-day Russia. The most noticeable changes between the two languages began to appear with the beginning of the formation of the Russian literary language in the first half of the 18th century, with Church Slavonic words in the new Russian language.
Despite the fact that there are many common words in the Russian and Ukrainian languages, and even more words that are similar in sound and spelling, they often have different semantic nuances.
A more precise correspondence with the Ukrainian word «iнший», in the Russian language it will be «другой», it is somewhat more formal and does not have as much emotional and artistic expressiveness as the word «иной».
The Ukrainian language, unlike Russian, has adopted modal verbs from European languages. (I)
Source: Eluniverso
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