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Italy debates on the outlawing of neo-fascist parties and movements after the riots in Rome

The group of the Italian Democratic Party (PD), the largest progressive formation in the country, has presented in Parliament a motion to request the outlawing of neo-fascist movements, after the violent demonstrations that sowed chaos last Saturday in Rome. The motion, launched in the Senate and the Chamber of Deputies, urges the Government of Mario Draghi, which heads a coalition between all parties except the ultra-right-wing Brothers of Italy, to “follow the constitutional dictate that prohibits the reorganization of the dissolved Party Fascist “adopting the measures that are opportune.

Specific calls for the Forza Nuova movement to be made illegal, which last Saturday used a demonstration against the health passport of COVID-19 to wreak havoc in Rome, storming the headquarters of the country’s largest union, the CGIL, and wounding four people in the siege of a hospital. The signatories of the motion, Simona Malpezzi and Debora Serrachiani, spokespersons for the PD in the Upper House and the Lower House, respectively, requested the signature of “all authentically democratic political forces” so that the motion is approved as soon as possible.

At the moment, the initiative has the confirmed support of the largest party in the chamber, the Five Star Movement. CGIL General Secretary Maurizio Landini, who met with Draghi at the union headquarters, asked not to “underestimate” what happened, because it was a premeditated “fascist assault” and demanded that “the Constitution be applied” and “the organizations that defend fascism be dissolved.”

Saturday protests degenerated into strong clashes with the riot police in the center of the capital, with wounded agents and twelve detainees, among them the leaders of Forza Nuova, Roberto Fiore and Giuliano Castellino, who had drawn up a strategy. That is why the motion justifies the dissolution of these movements by pointing out that they go against one of the final provisions of the 1948 Constitution, which prohibits the reorganization “in any form” of the Fascist Party of Benito Mussolini.

In addition, later laws such as 645 of 1952 exclude from public life those “associations, movements or any type of group of no less than five people who follows the anti-democratic aims of the Fascist Party by exalting, threatening or using violence as a method of political struggle. “This rule in fact allowed in the past the outlawing of other parties, such as Ordine Nuovo in 1973, Avanguardia Nazionale in 1976 and Fronte Nazionale in 2000.

On the other hand, the Italian Supreme Court, in a ruling of January 2010, established that “despite the end of the fascist regime, associations and political organizations that, like Forza Nuova, are inspired by this ideology“. The attack by its militants last Saturday on the government headquarters and the CGIL has sparked outrage in the country that hosted the birth of Fascism in 1919. An ideology that emerged precisely through the crisis and unrest after the World War I, grew with the harassment of trade unionists and left-wing politicians and led to a two-decade dictatorship and World War II.

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