The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the longest conflicts in recent centuries. The world has witnessed its development and several escalations of violence on both sides.

It is known all over the world Palestine Since it is the State of Palestine and not a member of the United Nations, it has in fact been considered a non-member observer state since 2012.

The history of Palestine is commemorated many years ago and in fact the United Nations notes that it was part of one of the Ottoman territories placed under British rule in 1922. In 1917, the Balfour Declaration was issued, establishing Palestine as a national homeland. for the Jewish people, so between 1922 and 1947 there was the first large-scale wave of migration coming from Eastern Europe, mainly due to Nazi persecution.

What is the reason for the war between Israel and Palestine?

In 1937 there was an uprising due to Arab demands for independence and opposition to immigration. This is why Britain considered facilitating this process and turned to the United Nations to resolve the problem.

In 1947, the UN proposed that the British Mandate should be ended and that Palestine should be divided into two independent states, one Palestinian Arab and the other Jewish, with detailed borders, and that Jerusalem should have an international regime.

In 1948, one of these states declared its independence and was called Israel, although the country remained at war with neighboring Arab states and occupied 77% of the territory that Palestine had held during the British Mandate.

“More than half of the Palestinian Arab population was expelled or fled the territory of the new state. The remainder of the territory allocated to the Arab state by resolution 181 remained under the control of Jordan and Egypt,” it said.

In 1967 there was a war through which Israel managed to occupy the Gaza Strip and the West Bank, achieving the annexation of East Jerusalem. An exodus of half a million Palestinians took place and the UN Security Council established principles that contemplated Israel’s withdrawal from the areas occupied in the conflict.

Peace negotiations were necessary in 1973 and a year later the General Assembly reaffirmed the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people to self-determination, national independence, sovereignty and the return of refugees. A year later, the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) was granted observer status in the General Assembly and at United Nations conferences and the Committee for the Exercise of the Inalienable Rights of the Palestinian People was established, of which Ecuador is a member.

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In 1982, Israel attempted to eliminate the PLO by invading Lebanon, although a ceasefire was negotiated and troops were moved to neighboring countries, and a large-scale massacre was also recorded in the Sabra and Shatila camps. In 1987, the so-called intifada, a mass uprising against the Israeli occupation in the occupied Palestinian territories, took place, and a year later the National Council of Palestine, meeting in Algiers, proclaimed the creation of the State of Palestine.

The UN also reports that negotiations took place in 1991 that culminated in mutual recognition between the government of Israel and the PLO, as representatives of the Palestinian people.

In 2000, a second intifada took place following Israel’s construction of a wall of separation with the West Bank. Two years later, the Security Council supported the two-state concept and in 2005 Israel withdrew settlers and troops from Gaza, although it maintained control of the borders.

In 2007, Hamas took control of Gaza using weapons, prompting Israel to impose a blockade. In 2011, UNESCO admitted Palestine as a member and finally on November 29, 2012, the United Nations General Assembly granted the country non-member observer status.

There are only two states with this condition: Vatican City and Palestine. This gave him access to various agencies of the UN system.

Ecuador recognized Palestine as a free and independent state with the 1967 borders. This happened in 2010 during the government of Rafael Correa and it was specified that the country sought to “fulfill the valid and legitimate desire of the Palestinian people to have a free and independent to have land, to justify it.” Stands.” independent”.

In total, there are 139 United Nations member states that recognize Palestine, the first being in 1988, while Colombia and Saint Kitts and Nevis were the last to do so in 2018 and 2019 respectively.

These are the countries that recognize the independence of Palestine: