Ecuador is one of the founders of the UN, created after the Second World War with a letter signed in October 1945 by 51 countries. There are currently 193 of us. The main goals are to preserve security, peace and good relations. Within that group, the Security Council was created as the highest authority to achieve the goals; It consists of fifteen countries. Five countries are permanent members with veto power: the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Russia, and China; and ten non-permanent member countries are elected by the General Assembly, five every two years; The presidency rotates every month alphabetically. Ecuador was selected for the bienniums 1950-1951, 1960-1961, 1991-1992 and 2023-2024.

Resolutions are passed by 9 of the 15 members, but any of the 5 permanent member countries can veto.

The UN has prevented wars in several cases. Some geopoliticians have analyzed the causes and consequences of wars. Francis Fukuyama in his book The End of History and the Last Man (1992) explains that the war over ideologies came to an end with the fall of the Berlin Wall (1989) and the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991). which determined the triumph of capitalist democratic liberalism over socialism-communism. Joseph Huntington argued in his work Clash of Civilizations (1996) that wars between civilizations will continue; detail nine: Western, Slavic-Orthodox-Russian, Islamic, Chinese (China), Latin American, Japanese, Hindu, African, and Buddhist.

The Russian-Ukrainian war is underway, in which Western and Russian Orthodox civilization collide; and in the Israel-Hamas war, Western and Islamic civilizations collide. For Russia, the causes are Ukraine’s desire to join the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), which poses a threat to its security; and free Russian speakers living under siege on Ukrainian territory. A war is also ongoing between Israel and Hamas, which governs the Gaza Strip, a territory that, along with the West Bank, constitutes the UN-recognized Palestinian state; The causes for the Palestinians are the liberation of the territory, politics and survival, they are used by Islamic fundamentalism and terrorist actions. For Israel, it is its survival, because the Palestinians and their allies want to throw them into the sea.

We appreciate the fact that the UN and the Security Council exist to resolve conflicts through diplomatic dialogue, with intervention forces, called blue helmets, to restore order. However, for the most part, warriors do not implement decisions.

In December 2023, Ecuador will assume the presidency of the UN Security Council, for which it was elected for the period 2023-2024. President Daniel Noboa wants to change the ambassador; It doesn’t seem appropriate to me because there will be resolutions that require prior knowledge. Will it be part of the pact between the Government, the Civil Revolution (RC) and the Social Christians (PSC) because Dr. Hernán Pérez Loose is critical of the former RC government? (OR)