The use of digital tools in Ecuador should not be as relaxed as it appears, especially on social networks. Cybercrime has gained attention when information and communication technologies (ICT) have become commonplace.

Social networks in the pre-election period are the scene of campaigns, but also of hostile speech. Sports, regions, religion, sexual preferences, feminism… are other topics that generate controversy and aggression on the Internet.

Actions have consequences. In Ecuador, the Comprehensive Organic Penal Code states that a person who “utters hurtful or disgraceful expressions against another, whether through violent, aggressive, vulgar or hostile language,” by any means, including electronically, will receive a penalty of 15 to 30 days’ imprisonment freedom. There is a caveat: it will not be punishable if the expressions are reciprocal.

Cyberbullying is punishable by one to five years in prison. The law also includes sex crimes involving the use of technology. Extortion and theft in cyberspace are also punishable.

What is missing? That victims dare to denounce, that accounts are not only blocked and reported, but that arrests (evidence) are made before that. It is important that the official sector disseminates and reports on the options available to victims and their protection.

Twelve years ago, the National Police had a Technological Crime Investigation Unit with the purpose of “detecting, identifying and neutralizing illegal behavior”. On June 17, 2022, the National Specialized Cybercrime Investigation Unit was officially established in the Office of the Attorney General, more focused on the security of information and communication system assets.

Knowing about the existence of these organizations and their effective work also depends on whether citizens will be encouraged to denounce and jointly stop all types of online crime. (OR)