The condition ‘folklore‘ was first coined on August 22, 1846, when the British writer William Jan Thomas combined the words ‘folk’ (people) and ‘lore’ (tradition, popular knowledge) in an article titled Atheneum. Thus he defined the word as the “traditional knowledge of a people”. Because of this, countries around the world chose to continue celebrating their folklore and folkloric traditions August 22 each year.
This date aims to celebrate the importance of oral histories passed down from generation to generation, teaching wisdom and values, with different activities in each country where it takes place.
As defined in the recommendation of the UNESCO about the protection of traditional culture and folklore (1989), “folklore (or traditional and popular culture) is the body of creations based on tradition, of a cultural community, expressed by a group or individuals and recognized as reflecting the expectations of a community insofar as they reflect its cultural and social identity. reflect; its norms and values are transmitted orally, by imitation or in any other way. Its forms include language, literature, music, dance, play, mythology, rituals, customs, crafts, architecture, and other arts.
Folk artifacts, or folk pieces, are commonly classified into three types: material, verbal, or customary tradition. These categories, which are mostly self-explanatory, include physical objects (folkloric material), common sayings, expressions, stories and songs (verbal folklore) and beliefs and ways of doing things (usual folklore).
A fourth major subgenre has also been defined for folklore and children’s games (pediatrics), because the compilation and interpretation of this fertile theme is specific to schoolyards and neighborhood streets. Each of these genres and their subtypes aims to organize and categorize folk artifacts; they provide folklorists with a common vocabulary and consistent labeling to communicate with each other.
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Source: Eluniverso
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